Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): Symptoms, Causes and Treatments

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that is common in women of childbearing age. This disorder causes the formation of small cysts in the ovaries and hormonal imbalances. PCOS can affect women's health in many ways and can lead to serious health problems in the long term. In this article, we will go into detail about the symptoms, causes and treatment methods of PCOS.

Symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome

The symptoms of PCOS can vary from woman to woman, but the most common symptoms are:

1. Menstrual irregularities: Menstrual cycle problems such as irregular, infrequent or absent menstruation are common.

2. Excessive hair growth (hirsutism): Male-pattern hair growth can occur on the face, chest, back, or abdomen.

3. Acne and oily skin: Acne problems can occur due to hormonal disorders.

4. Weight gain: Weight gain and difficulty losing weight are very common due to insulin resistance.

5. Hair loss: Men may experience hair loss or baldness.

6. Infertility: Difficulties in getting pregnant may occur due to ovulation problems.

Causes of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Although the exact cause of PCOS is not fully known, it is believed to be due to a combination of several factors:

1. Hormonal imbalances: Particularly high levels of androgens (male hormones) are one of the main causes of PCOS.

2. Insulin resistance: Insulin resistance causes the body to have difficulty regulating sugar levels and produces too much insulin. This can also lead to an increase in androgen levels.

3. Genetic factors: Women with a family history of PCOS are at higher risk of developing the condition.

Treatment methods for polycystic ovary syndrome

Although there is no cure for PCOS, several methods can be used to control symptoms and reduce long-term health risks:

1. Lifestyle changes: Regular exercise, a balanced diet and weight control are very effective in relieving PCOS symptoms.

2. Birth control pills: Birth control pills can be used to regulate hormonal imbalances.

3. Metformin: Medicines such as metformin can be used to reduce insulin resistance and regulate blood sugar.

4. Fertilization treatments: Women who want to become pregnant may need medications or other medical procedures to stimulate ovulation.

5. Hair Growth and Acne Treatment: Antiandrogen medications or skin treatments can relieve excessive hair growth and acne problems.

Diploma

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common hormonal disorder that can significantly impact women's quality of life. With early diagnosis and proper treatment methods, the symptoms of PCOS can be controlled and long-term health risks reduced. It is important for women to see a specialist and develop an appropriate treatment plan if they experience PCOS symptoms.